广饶县海(咸)水入侵灾害防治的水文地质环境研究

广饶县咸水入侵灾害的发生在于自然环境的脆弱性和社会经济环境的严峻性。本文分析了引起海(咸)水入侵的基本矛盾, 制定了防治咸水入侵灾害的对策和措施──水文地质环境调整方案。     

Biocatalytic Feedback‐Driven Temporal Programming of Self‐Regulating Peptide Hydrogels

Switchable self‐assemblies respond to external stimuli with a transition between near‐equilibrium states. Although being a key to present‐day advanced materials, these systems respond rather passively, and do not display autonomous dynamics. For autonomous behavior, approaches must be found to orchestrate the time domain of self‐assemblies, which would lead to new generations of dynamic and self‐regulating materials. Herein, we demonstrate catalytic control of the time domain of pH‐responsive peptide hydrogelators in a closed system. We program transient acidic pH states by combining a fast acidic activator with the slow, enzymatic, feedback‐driven generation of a base (dormant deactivator). This transient state can be programmed over orders of magnitude in time. It is coupled to dipeptides to create autonomously self‐regulating, dynamic gels with programmed lifetimes, which are used for fluidic guidance, burst release, and self‐erasing rapid prototyping.     

捷联惯导系统(SINS)敏感器斜向配置技术

以四个敏感器的冗余系统为例，对采用冗余敏感器的惯导系统的可靠性进行了分析，对四个敏感器构成的捷联惯导系统的可靠性进行了仿真实验，验证了冗余敏感器可以提高系统可靠性结论的正确性。中给出非正交敏感器测量值向惯导系统正交坐标系转化的方法和转换矩阵。最后对冗余敏感器的配置方式进行了分析。通过仿真实验，得到敏感器最佳配置的条件。     

Torsion pendula with electromagnetic drive and detection system for measuring the complex shear modulus of liquids in the frequency range 80–2500 Hz

An apparatus for the measurement of liquid complex shear viscosity in the frequency range 80–2500 Hz, with the use of a torsion pendulum operating in forced oscillation, is described. The drive and detection system consists of a magnet inside the pendulum, two excitation and two measuring coils. The determination of the complex shear viscosity is based on the measurement of the resonance frequency and the damping of the torsion pendulum.The feasibility of this method is demonstrated with a number of Newtonian liquids in the viscosity range 0.3 to 60 m Pa s. Results for a viscoelastic polymer solution are presented. A comparison is made with other apparatus working in the same frequency range. a coil height - A apparatus constant - B magnetic induction - C ₁,C ₂ apparatus constants - d diameter torsion rod - D pendulum damping - E apparatus constant - F ₀ top frequency - G shear modulus torsion rod - G ^* =G + iG complex shear modulus - h length torsion rod - H transfer function - i - I moment of inertia - J ₀ excitation-current amplitude - J _exc excitation current - K torsion spring constant - l length pendulum mass - M torque - n number of coil turns - p dipole moment - Q = ₀/ mechanical quality - r radius pendulum mass - R Re {Z} - t time - T temperature - U induction voltage - U ₀ induction-voltage amplitude - x distance - X Im {Z} - Z = R + iX liquid impedance - Z _cyl characteristic cylindrical impedance - Z _pl characteristic plane impedance - angle - _M coefficient of linear expansion of the pendulum mass - _R coefficient of linear expansion of the torsion rod - rate of shear - penetration depth - steady-state viscosity - _s solvent viscosity - angular displacement - ₀ angular-displacement amplitude - µ ₀ =4 10^–7 Vs/Am - density - phase angle - angular frequency - ₀ top angular frequency - band-width     

无刷直流力矩电机系统的自适应扰动力矩补偿研究

陀螺漂移测试转台无刷直流力矩电机系统中存在波动力矩和负载力矩振动，这严重地影响了转台速率平稳度。为提高转台速率状态位置跟踪精度，设计了一种自适应补偿方法。该方法包含一个参自适应律和等效PID控制律，它利用前馈补偿原理，来估计电机中未知参数以及波动力矩和负载力矩参数并给与补偿。该自适应补偿方法保证了闭环系统全局稳定性和对期望位置信号的渐进跟踪。仿真结果证明：该方法有效地提高了转台速率状态跟踪精度。     

含孔洞粘塑性材料剪切带的正交性条件

本文通过对粘塑性材料剪切带中含孔洞的代表体元的细观力学分析，得到了剪切带的宏观本构热和本构关系。采用上限方法，给出了多孔粘塑性材料正交流动法则存在的条件。     

运动控制的数字随动系统

介绍了采用数字随动系统解决模拟伺服回路的设计技术，即选用智能化运动控制处理器用于无刷或有刷直流电动机控制。这种技术具有实时采集，操作简单，可靠性高，精度高等优点，在导航系统、雷达系统、火炮系统、汽车等领域具有广阔的发展前景。     

On physical criteria for the selection of wood for soundboards of musical instruments

In order to develop criteria for the physical evaluation of wood for soundboards of musical instruments, measurements were made of dynamic Young's modulusE, static Young's modulusE, internal frictionQ ^–1 in longitudinal direction, and specific gravity for numerous species of broad-leaved wood. From the results obtained, including those of our previous paper on coniferous wood [1], it was found that the suitability of wood for soundboards could be evaluated by the quantity ofQ ^–1/(E/), and that there were very high correlations betweenQ ^–1/(E/) andE/, and betweenE andE, regardless of wood species. Consequently, it becomes possible to select practically any wood suitable for soundboards by using the value ofE/, which can be measured easily, and it was derived that the relation betweenE/ andQ ^–1 of wood could be expressed by an exponential equation regardless of wood species.     

软管流量调节器调节特性分析及设计准则

分析了大雷诺数下软管的流量调节行为；导出了流量随下游压力的函数关系，即流量调节特性曲线；提出了以软管作为能动元件的流量调节器设计准则．     

复合纤维增强混凝土阻尼测试装置开发与试验研究

纤维与聚合物的掺入可以明显改善混凝土材料的阻尼性能。本文首先给出了正弦交变激励下粘弹性材料三点弯曲梁阻尼特性关系,其次首次自主开发了大尺寸材料的阻尼性能测试装置,然后利用开发的装置在频率(0.5~2.0Hz)条件下测定了6种不同配比复合纤维增强阻尼混凝土的损耗因子与储存模量,最后对纤维的阻尼增强机理进行了初步探讨。试验结果表明:复合纤维增强阻尼混凝土与素混凝土相比,提高了混凝土的损耗因子80%~200%。主要原因是聚合物分子在外力作用下的内耗增加了普通混凝土的阻尼能力,而纤维的阻尼增强机理在于纤维的掺入增加了纤维与水泥基材的界面摩擦力。